When people think of Japanese castles, famous landmarks like Himeji Castle, Osaka Castle, and Matsumoto Castle often come to mind. However, Japan is home to many lesser-known castles that are just as fascinating. These hidden gems offer rich history, stunning architecture, and fewer crowds—making them perfect for travelers looking for an off-the-beaten-path experience. In this article, we’ll explore some of Japan’s most underrated castles and why they deserve a spot on your travel itinerary.
Maruoka Castle (丸岡城) – Japan’s Oldest Surviving Castle Keep
📍 Location: Fukui Prefecture
📅 Built in: 1576
Maruoka Castle is a true hidden treasure. It boasts the oldest surviving tenshu (castle keep) in Japan, dating back to the late Sengoku period. Unlike more modernized castles, Maruoka retains its authentic wooden structure, giving visitors a rare glimpse into Japan’s feudal past.
Why Visit?
✔ Rich History – One of the few castles that survived wars and natural disasters.
✔ Cherry Blossoms – In spring, over 400 cherry trees bloom around the castle, creating a breathtaking scene.
Takeda Castle (竹田城) – Japan’s “Castle in the Sky”
📍 Location: Hyogo Prefecture
📅 Built in: 1443
Perched atop a mountain ridge, Takeda Castle is known as “Japan’s Machu Picchu” because of its dramatic ruins and stunning sea of clouds that form around it in the morning. The castle was abandoned in the 1600s, but its stone foundations remain, creating one of Japan’s most photogenic castle sites.
Why Visit?
✔ Unreal Views – Visit in autumn for the famous “sea of clouds” (unkai) effect.
✔ Great Hiking Spot – A moderate hike rewards you with breathtaking panoramic scenery.
Matsuyama Castle (松山城) – A Castle With Spectacular City Views
📍 Location: Ehime Prefecture
📅 Built in: 1603
Matsuyama Castle is one of the 12 original castles in Japan that still has its original wooden structure intact. Located on top of Mount Katsuyama, the castle offers 360-degree views of Matsuyama city and the Seto Inland Sea.
Why Visit?
✔ Well-Preserved Samurai History – Explore the original keep, gates, and defensive towers.
✔ Scenic Ropeway Ride – Take a cable car or hike up to enjoy the view.
Nakagusuku Castle (中城城) – Okinawa’s Mysterious Castle Ruins
📍 Location: Okinawa Prefecture
📅 Built in: 14th century
Unlike Japan’s traditional wooden castles, Nakagusuku Castle in Okinawa is made of limestone walls and has a unique Ryukyu Kingdom style. It is one of Okinawa’s best-preserved gusuku castles, offering visitors a taste of the island’s unique history.
Why Visit?
✔ UNESCO World Heritage Site – One of the most important historical sites in Okinawa.
✔ Breathtaking Ocean Views – Overlooks the East China Sea and Pacific Ocean.
Iwamura Castle (岩村城) – The “Castle in the Clouds” of Central Japan
📍 Location: Gifu Prefecture
📅 Built in: 1185
Iwamura Castle, known as one of Japan’s highest castles, sits 717 meters above sea level. It was once ruled by Otsuya, Japan’s only female castle lord, making it an important landmark in Japan’s feudal history. Although only ruins remain today, the serene mountain setting makes this a perfect hiking destination.
Why Visit?
✔ Rich Samurai History – One of the highest castle ruins in Japan.
✔ Scenic Autumn Views – Surrounded by vibrant fall foliage in October and November.
Obi Castle (飫肥城) – “Little Kyoto of Kyushu”
📍 Location: Miyazaki Prefecture
📅 Built in: 15th century
Obi Castle is less famous but rich in history. Known as the “Little Kyoto of Kyushu”, it features beautiful Edo-period streets, well-preserved samurai houses, and peaceful gardens. While most of the original structure is gone, the castle walls and gate remain, making it a charming historical site.
Why Visit?
✔ Samurai Experience – Walk through a historic samurai district.
✔ Quiet & Peaceful – Enjoy a relaxing, crowd-free experience.
Hikone Castle (彦根城) – One of Japan’s National Treasures
📍 Location: Shiga Prefecture
📅 Built in: 1622
Hikone Castle is one of only five castles designated as a National Treasure in Japan. Unlike reconstructed castles, Hikone retains many of its original structures, including its main keep, gates, and moats. The surrounding Genkyuen Garden adds to the beauty of this hidden gem.
Why Visit?
✔ One of Japan’s Best-Preserved Castles – A rare chance to see an authentic Edo-period castle.
✔ Historic Samurai Exhibits – Visit the Hikone Castle Museum to see samurai armor and swords.
Conclusion
While Himeji and Osaka Castle are must-see attractions, Japan is filled with hidden castles that offer just as much history, beauty, and cultural significance. Whether you’re looking for mountaintop ruins, Edo-period towns, or unique Ryukyu castles, these lesser-known spots provide an authentic and unforgettable experience.
If you’re planning a trip to Japan, make sure to venture beyond the famous landmarks and explore these hidden gems!
